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NEW QUESTION # 89
Why might devices use a Diffie-Hellman exchange?
- A. to signal that they want to use asymmetric encryption for future communications
- B. to agree on a shared secret in a secure manner over an insecure network
- C. to prove knowledge of a passphrase without transmitting the passphrase
- D. to obtain a digital certificate signed by a trusted Certification Authority
Answer: B
Explanation:
Devices use the Diffie-Hellman exchange to agree on a shared secret in a secure manner over an insecure network. The main purpose of this cryptographic protocol is to enable two parties to establish a shared secret over an unsecured communication channel. This shared secret can then be used to encrypt subsequent communications using a symmetric key cipher. The Diffie-Hellman exchange is particularly valuable because it allows the secure exchange of cryptographic keys over a public channel without the need for a prior shared secret. This protocol is a foundational element for many secure communications protocols, including SSL/TLS, which is used to secure connections on the internet. References to the Diffie-Hellman protocol and its uses can be found in standard cryptographic textbooks and documentation such as those from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and security protocol specifications.
NEW QUESTION # 90
What are the roles of 802.1X authenticators and authentication servers?
- A. The authenticator supports only EAP, while the authentication server supports only RADIUS.
- B. The authenticator is a RADIUS client and the authentication server is a RADIUS server.
- C. The authenticator makes access decisions and the server communicates them to the supplicant.
- D. The authenticator stores the user account database, while the server stores access policies.
Answer: B
Explanation:
In the 802.1X network access control model, the roles of the authenticator and the authentication server are distinct yet complementary. The authenticator acts as a RADIUS client, which is a network device, like a switch or wireless access point, that directly interfaces with the client machine (supplicant). The authentication server, typically a RADIUS server, is responsible for verifying the credentials provided by the supplicant through the authenticator. This setup helps in separating the duties where the authenticator enforces authentication but does not decide on the validity of the credentials, which is the role of the authentication server.
:
IEEE 802.1X standard for network access control.
NEW QUESTION # 91
How should admins deal with vulnerabilities that they find in their systems?
- A. They should classify the vulnerability as malware. a DoS attack or a phishing attack.
- B. They should apply fixes, such as patches, to close the vulnerability before a hacker exploits it.
- C. They should add the vulnerability to their Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE).
- D. They should notify the security team as soon as possible that the network has already been breached.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 92
You are configuring ArubaOS-CX switches to tunnel client traffic to an Aruba Mobility Controller (MC).
What should you do to enhance security for control channel communications between the switches and the MC?
- A. Create one UBT zone for control traffic and a second UBT zone for clients.
- B. install certificates on the switches, and make sure that CPsec is enabled on the MC
- C. Configure a long, random PAPI security key that matches on the switches and the MC.
- D. Make sure that the UBT client vlan is assigned to the interface on which the switches reach the MC and only that interface.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 93
You have been asked to rind logs related to port authentication on an ArubaOS-CX switch for events logged in the past several hours But. you are having trouble searching through the logs What is one approach that you can take to find the relevant logs?
- A. Add the "-C and *-c port-access" options to the "show logging" command.
- B. Configure a logging Tiller for the "port-access" category, and apply that filter globally.
- C. Specify a logging facility that selects for "port-access" messages.
- D. Enable debugging for "portaccess" to move the relevant logs to a buffer.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 94
What is one of the policies that a company should define for digital forensics?
- A. what are the first steps that a company can take to implement micro-segmentation in their environment
- B. to which resources should various users be allowed access, based on their identity and the identity of their clients
- C. which type of EAP method is most secure for authenticating wired and wireless users with 802.1
- D. which data should be routinely logged, where logs should be forwarded, and which logs should be archived
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the context of digital forensics, policy A is the most relevant. It defines which data should be logged, where logs should be forwarded for analysis or storage, and which logs should be archived for future forensic analysis or audit purposes. This ensures that evidence is preserved in a way that supports forensic activities.
NEW QUESTION # 95 
A company has an Aruba Instant AP cluster. A Windows 10 client is attempting to connect a WLAN that enforces WPA3-Enterprise with authentication to ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM). CPPM is configured to require EAP-TLS. The client authentication fails. In the record for this client's authentication attempt on CPPM, you see this alert.
What is one thing that you check to resolve this issue?
- A. whether EAP-TLS is enabled in the SSID Profile settings for the WLAN on the IAP cluster
- B. whether EAP-TLS is enabled in the AAA Profile settings for the WLAN on the IAP cluster
- C. whether the client has a third-party 802.1 X supplicant, as Windows 10 does not support EAP-TLS
- D. whether the client has a valid certificate installed on it to let it support EAP-TLS
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the context of WPA3-Enterprise with EAP-TLS authentication, the error message "Client doesn't support configured EAP methods" suggests that the client is not able to complete the EAP-TLS authentication process. EAP-TLS requires that both the server (in this case, CPPM) and the client have a valid certificate for mutual authentication. Windows 10 does support EAP-TLS natively, so options A, C, and D can be ruled out.
The most likely reason for the authentication failure is that the client device does not have the correct client certificate installed, which is required to establish a TLS session with the server. Therefore, ensuring that the client has a valid certificate installed that matches the server's requirements is the correct step to resolve this issue.
NEW QUESTION # 96
What is an Authorized client, as defined by AOS Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (WIP)?
- A. A client that is on the WIP whitelist
- B. A client that is NOT on the WIP blacklist
- C. A client that has a certificate issued by a trusted Certification Authority (CA)
- D. A client that has successfully authenticated to an authorized AP and passed encrypted traffic
Answer: D
Explanation:
The AOS Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (WIP) in an AOS-8 architecture (Mobility Controllers or Mobility Master) is designed to detect and mitigate wireless threats, such as rogue APs and unauthorized clients. WIP classifies clients and APs based on their behavior and status in the network.
Authorized Client Definition: In the context of WIP, an "Authorized" client is one that has successfully authenticated to an authorized AP (an AP managed by the MC and part of the company's network) and is actively passing encrypted traffic. This typically means the client has completed 802.1X authentication (e.g., in a WPA3-Enterprise network) or PSK authentication (e.g., in a WPA3-Personal network) and is communicating securely with the AP.
Option D, "A client that has successfully authenticated to an authorized AP and passed encrypted traffic," is correct. This matches the WIP definition of an Authorized client: the client must authenticate to an AP that is classified as "Authorized" (i.e., part of the company's network) and must be passing encrypted traffic, indicating a secure connection (e.g., using WPA3 encryption).
Option A, "A client that is on the WIP whitelist," is incorrect. WIP does not use a client whitelist for classification. The AP whitelist is used to authorize APs, not clients. Client classification (e.g., Authorized, Interfering) is based on their authentication status and connection to authorized APs.
Option B, "A client that has a certificate issued by a trusted Certification Authority (CA)," is incorrect. While a certificate might be used for 802.1X authentication (e.g., EAP-TLS), WIP does not classify clients as Authorized based on their certificate status. The classification depends on successful authentication to an authorized AP and encrypted traffic.
Option C, "A client that is NOT on the WIP blacklist," is incorrect. WIP does use blacklisting (e.g., for clients that violate security policies), but being "not on the blacklist" does not make a client Authorized. A client must actively authenticate to an authorized AP and pass encrypted traffic to be classified as Authorized.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"In the Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP) system, an 'Authorized' client is defined as a client that has successfully authenticated to an authorized AP and is passing encrypted traffic. An authorized AP is one that is managed by the Mobility Controller and part of the company's network. For example, a client that completes 802.1X authentication to an authorized AP using WPA3-Enterprise and sends encrypted traffic is classified as Authorized." (Page 414, WIP Client Classification Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking Security Guide notes:
"WIP classifies clients as 'Authorized' if they have authenticated to an authorized AP and are passing encrypted traffic, indicating a secure connection. Clients that are not authenticated or are connected to rogue or neighbor APs are classified as 'Interfering' or other categories, depending on their behavior." (Page 78, WIP Classifications Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, WIP Client Classification Section, Page 414.
HPE Aruba Networking Security Guide, WIP Classifications Section, Page 78.
NEW QUESTION # 97
What is one way that Control Plane Security (CPsec) enhances security for me network?
- A. It protects wireless clients' traffic tunneled between APs and Mobility Controllers, from eavesdropping
- B. It prevents access from unauthorized IP addresses to critical services, such as SSH on Mobility Controllers (MCs).
- C. It prevents Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against Mobility Controllers' (MCs") control plane.
- D. It protects management traffic between APs and Mobility Controllers (MCs) from eavesdropping.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Control Plane Security (CPsec) enhances security in the network by protecting management traffic between APs and Mobility Controllers (MCs) from eavesdropping. CPsec ensures that all control and management traffic that transits the network is encrypted, thus preventing potential attackers from gaining access to sensitive management data. It helps in securing the network's control plane, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity and privacy of the network operations.References:
Aruba Networks' CPsec documentation.
NEW QUESTION # 98
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the current network topology.
You are deploying a new wireless solution with an Aruba Mobility Master (MM). Aruba Mobility Controllers (MCs). and campus APs (CAPs). The solution will Include a WLAN that uses Tunnel for the forwarding mode and Implements WPA3-Enterprise security What is a guideline for setting up the vlan for wireless devices connected to the WLAN?
- A. Use wireless user roles to assign the devices to different VLANs in the 100-150 range
- B. Assign the WLAN to a named VLAN which specified 100-150 as the range of IDs.
- C. Use wireless user roles to assign the devices to a range of new vlan IDs.
- D. Assign the WLAN to a single new VLAN which is dedicated to wireless users
Answer: A
Explanation:
When setting up VLANs for a wireless solution with an Aruba Mobility Master (MM), Aruba Mobility Controllers (MCs), and campus APs (CAPs), it is recommended to use wireless user roles to assign devices to different VLANs. This allows for greater flexibility and control over network resources and policies applied to different user groups. Wireless user roles can dynamically assign devices to the appropriate VLAN based on a variety of criteria such as user identity, device type, location, and the resources they need to access. This approach aligns with the ArubaOS features that leverage user roles for network access control, as detailed in Aruba's configuration and administration guides.
NEW QUESTION # 99
What is a vulnerability of an unauthenticated Dime-Heliman exchange?
- A. Participants must agree on a passphrase in advance, which can limit the usefulness of Diffie- Hell man in practical contexts.
- B. Diffie-Hellman with elliptic curve values is no longer considered secure in modem networks, based on NIST recommendations.
- C. A brute force attack can relatively quickly derive Diffie-Hellman private values if they are able to obtain public values
- D. A hacker can replace the public values exchanged by the legitimate peers and launch an MITM attack.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 100
Which is a correct description of a stage in the Lockheed Martin kill chain?
- A. In the delivery stage, malware collects valuable data and delivers or exfilltrated it to the hacker.
- B. In the reconnaissance stage, the hacker assesses the impact of the attack and how much information was exfilltrated.
- C. In the weaponization stage, which occurs after malware has been delivered to a system, the malware executes Its function.
- D. In the exploitation and installation phases, malware creates a backdoor into the infected system for the hacker.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain model describes the stages of a cyber attack. In the exploitation phase, the attacker uses vulnerabilities to gain access to the system. Following this, in the installation phase, the attacker installs a backdoor or other malicious software to ensure persistent access to the compromised system. This backdoor can then be used to control the system, steal data, or execute additional attacks.
:
Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain framework.
NEW QUESTION # 101
A company is deploying AOS-CX switches to support 114 employees, which will tunnel client traffic to an HPE Aruba Networking Mobility Controller (MC) for the MC to apply firewall policies and deep packet inspection (DPI). This MC will be dedicated to receiving traffic from the AOS-CX switches.
What are the licensing requirements for the MC?
- A. One AP license per switch, and one PEF license per switch
- B. One PEF license per switch, and one WCC license per switch
- C. One AP license per switch
- D. One PEF license per switch
Answer: D
Explanation:
The scenario involves AOS-CX switches tunneling client traffic to an HPE Aruba Networking Mobility Controller (MC) in an AOS-8 architecture. The MC will apply firewall policies and perform deep packet inspection (DPI) on the tunneled traffic. The MC is dedicated to receiving traffic from the AOS-CX switches, and there are 114 employees (implying 114 potential clients). The question asks about the licensing requirements for the MC.
Tunneling from AOS-CX Switches to MC: In this setup, the AOS-CX switches act as Layer 2 devices, tunneling client traffic to the MC using a mechanism like GRE or VXLAN (though GRE is more common in AOS-8). The MC treats the tunneled traffic as if it were coming from wireless clients, applying firewall policies and DPI.
Licensing in AOS-8:
AP License (Access Point License): Required for each AP managed by the MC. Since the scenario involves AOS-CX switches tunneling traffic, not APs, AP licenses are not required.
PEF License (Policy Enforcement Firewall License): Required to enable the stateful firewall and DPI features on the MC. The PEF license is based on the number of devices (e.g., switches, APs) or users that the MC processes traffic for. In this case, the MC is processing traffic from AOS-CX switches, and the license is typically per switch (not per user or employee).
WCC License (Web Content Classification License): An optional license that enhances DPI by enabling URL-based filtering and web content classification. This is not mentioned as a requirement in the scenario.
Option A, "One PEF license per switch," is correct. Since the MC is dedicated to receiving traffic from the AOS-CX switches, and the MC will apply firewall policies and DPI, a PEF license is required. In AOS-8, when switches tunnel traffic to an MC, the PEF license is typically required per switch (not per user). With 114 employees, the number of switches is not specified, but the licensing model is per switch, so one PEF license per switch is needed.
Option B, "One PEF license per switch, and one WCC license per switch," is incorrect. While a PEF license is required, a WCC license is not mentioned as a requirement. WCC is for advanced web filtering, which is not specified in the scenario.
Option C, "One AP license per switch," is incorrect. AP licenses are for managing APs, not switches. Since the scenario involves switches tunneling traffic, not APs, AP licenses are not required.
Option D, "One AP license per switch, and one PEF license per switch," is incorrect for the same reason as Option C. AP licenses are not needed, but the PEF license per switch is correct.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"The Policy Enforcement Firewall (PEF) license is required on the Mobility Controller to enable stateful firewall policies and deep packet inspection (DPI). When AOS-CX switches tunnel client traffic to the MC for firewall processing, a PEF license is required for each switch. The license is based on the number of devices (e.g., switches) sending traffic to the MC, not the number of users. For example, if 10 switches tunnel traffic to the MC, 10 PEF licenses are required." (Page 375, Licensing Requirements Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking Licensing Guide notes:
"PEF licenses on the Mobility Controller are required for firewall and DPI features. In deployments where switches tunnel traffic to the MC, the PEF license is typically per switch. AP licenses are not required unless the MC is managing APs. The Web Content Classification (WCC) license is optional and only needed for advanced URL filtering, which is not required for basic DPI." (Page 15, PEF Licensing Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, Licensing Requirements Section, Page 375.
HPE Aruba Networking Licensing Guide, PEF Licensing Section, Page 15.
NEW QUESTION # 102
What is symmetric encryption?
- A. It any form of encryption mat ensures that thee ciphertext Is the same length as the plaintext.
- B. It simultaneously creates ciphertext and a same-size MAC.
- C. It uses the same key to encrypt plaintext as to decrypt ciphertext.
- D. It uses a Key that is double the size of the message which it encrypts.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Symmetric encryption is a type of encryption where the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt the message. It's called "symmetric" because the key used for encryption is identical to the key used for decryption. The data, or plaintext, is transformed into ciphertext during encryption, and then the same key is used to revert the ciphertext back to plaintext during decryption. It is a straightforward method but requires secure handling and exchange of the encryption key.
:
Basic principles of cryptography.
NEW QUESTION # 103
What is one of the roles of the network access server (NAS) in the AAA framework?
- A. It enforces access to network services and sends accounting information to the AAA server.
- B. It negotiates with each user's device to determine which EAP method is used for authentication.
- C. It determines which resources authenticated users are allowed to access and monitors each user's session.
- D. It authenticates legitimate users and uses policies to determine which resources each user is allowed to access.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) framework is used in network security to manage user access. In this framework, the Network Access Server (NAS) plays a specific role. In an HPE Aruba Networking environment, the NAS is typically a device like a Mobility Controller (MC) or an AOS-CX switch that interacts with an AAA server (e.g., ClearPass Policy Manager, CPPM) to authenticate users.
NAS Role in AAA:
Authentication: The NAS acts as a client to the AAA server (e.g., via RADIUS), forwarding authentication requests from the user's device to the server. It does not perform the authentication itself; the AAA server authenticates the user.
Authorization: After authentication, the NAS receives authorization attributes from the AAA server (e.g., a user role via Aruba-User-Role VSA) and enforces access policies (e.g., firewall rules, VLAN assignment) based on those attributes.
Accounting: The NAS sends accounting information (e.g., session start/stop, data usage) to the AAA server to track user activity.
Option A, "It negotiates with each user's device to determine which EAP method is used for authentication," is incorrect. The NAS does not negotiate the EAP method with the user's device. The EAP method (e.g., EAP-TLS, PEAP) is determined by the configuration on the NAS and the AAA server, and the client must support the configured method. The negotiation of EAP methods occurs between the client (supplicant) and the AAA server, with the NAS acting as a pass-through.
Option B, "It determines which resources authenticated users are allowed to access and monitors each user's session," is incorrect. The NAS enforces access policies based on authorization attributes received from the AAA server, but it does not determine which resources users can access-that decision is made by the AAA server based on its policies. Monitoring sessions is part of accounting, but this option overstates the NAS's role in determining access.
Option C, "It enforces access to network services and sends accounting information to the AAA server," is correct. The NAS enforces access by applying policies (e.g., firewall rules, VLANs) based on the authorization attributes received from the AAA server. It also sends accounting information (e.g., session start/stop, data usage) to the AAA server to track user activity, fulfilling its role in the accounting part of AAA.
Option D, "It authenticates legitimate users and uses policies to determine which resources each user is allowed to access," is incorrect. The NAS does not authenticate users; the AAA server performs authentication. The NAS also does not determine resource access; it enforces the policies provided by the AAA server.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"In the AAA framework, the Network Access Server (NAS), such as a Mobility Controller, acts as a client to the AAA server (e.g., a RADIUS server). The NAS forwards authentication requests from the user's device to the AAA server, enforces access to network services based on the authorization attributes returned by the server (e.g., user role, VLAN), and sends accounting information, such as session start and stop records, to the AAA server for tracking." (Page 310, AAA Framework Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide notes:
"The NAS in the AAA framework, such as an Aruba Mobility Controller, does not authenticate users itself; it forwards authentication requests to the AAA server (ClearPass). After authentication, the NAS enforces access policies based on the server's response and sends accounting data to the AAA server to log user activity, such as session duration and data usage." (Page 280, NAS Role in AAA Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, AAA Framework Section, Page 310.
HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide, NAS Role in AAA Section, Page 280.
NEW QUESTION # 104
Your HPE Aruba Networking Mobility Master-based solution has detected a rogue AP. Among other information, the AOS Detected Radios page lists this information for the AP:
SSID = PublicWiFi
BSSID = a8:bd:27:12:34:56
Match method = Plus one
Match method = Eth-Wired-Mac-Table
The security team asks you to explain why this AP is classified as a rogue. What should you explain?
- A. The AP is an AP that belongs to your solution. However, the AOS has detected that it is behaving suspiciously. It might have been compromised, so it is classified as a suspected rogue.
- B. The AP is probably connected to your LAN because it has a BSSID that is close to a MAC address that has been detected in your LAN. Because it does not belong to the company, it is a suspected rogue.
- C. The AP has a BSSID that is close to your authorized APs' BSSIDs. This indicates that the AP might be spoofing the corporate SSID and attempting to lure clients to it, making the AP a suspected rogue.
- D. The AP has been detected using multiple MAC addresses. This indicates that the AP is spoofing its MAC address, which qualifies it as a suspected rogue.
Answer: B
Explanation:
HPE Aruba Networking's Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP) system, part of the AOS-8 architecture (Mobility Master and Mobility Controllers), is designed to detect and classify rogue APs. The "AOS Detected Radios" page provides details about detected APs, including their SSID, BSSID, and match methods used to classify them.
In this case, the AP is classified as a rogue with the following match methods:
Plus one: This indicates that the BSSID of the detected AP is numerically close (e.g., differs by one in the last octet) to the MAC address of a known device in the network.
Eth-Wired-Mac-Table: This indicates that the AP's MAC address (or a closely related MAC address) was found in the wired network's MAC address table, suggesting that the AP is connected to the LAN.
These match methods suggest that the AP is likely connected to the company's wired LAN (via the Eth-Wired-Mac-Table match) and has a BSSID that is close to a known device's MAC address (Plus one match). Since this AP is not part of the company's authorized AP list (it's broadcasting "PublicWiFi," which may not be a corporate SSID), it is classified as a suspected rogue. This scenario is common when an unauthorized AP is plugged into the corporate LAN, posing a security risk.
Option A, "The AP has been detected using multiple MAC addresses," is incorrect because the match methods do not indicate multiple MAC addresses; they indicate a close match to a known MAC and a presence in the wired MAC table.
Option C, "The AP is an AP that belongs to your solution," is incorrect because the AP is classified as a rogue, meaning it is not part of the authorized APs in the solution.
Option D, "The AP has a BSSID that is close to your authorized APs' BSSIDs," is partially correct in that the "Plus one" match indicates a close BSSID, but the key reason for the rogue classification is its connection to the LAN (Eth-Wired-Mac-Table), not just the BSSID similarity.
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"The Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP) system detects rogue APs by analyzing their BSSIDs, SSIDs, and connectivity to the wired network. The 'Eth-Wired-Mac-Table' match method indicates that the AP's MAC address (or a closely related address) was found in the wired network's MAC address table, suggesting that the AP is connected to the LAN. The 'Plus one' match method indicates that the AP's BSSID is numerically close to a known MAC address in the network, which can indicate a potential rogue device attempting to mimic a legitimate device." (Page 412, Rogue AP Detection Section) Additionally, the guide notes:
"A rogue AP is classified as 'suspected rogue' if it is detected on the wired network (e.g., via Eth-Wired-Mac-Table) and is not part of the authorized AP list. This often occurs when an unauthorized AP is connected to the corporate LAN." (Page 413, Rogue AP Classification Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, Rogue AP Detection Section, Page 412.
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, Rogue AP Classification Section, Page 413.
NEW QUESTION # 105
What is an Authorized client as defined by ArubaOS Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (WIP)?
- A. a client that is not on the WIP blacklist
- B. a client that has a certificate issued by a trusted Certification Authority (CA)
- C. a client that has successfully authenticated to an authorized AP and passed encrypted traffic
- D. a client that is on the WIP whitelist.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In the context of ArubaOS Wireless Intrusion Prevention System (WIP), an authorized client is defined as a client that has successfully authenticated to an authorized Access Point (AP) and has passed encrypted traffic.
This ensures that only clients which have been verified and authenticated according to the network's security policies are allowed to access network resources. Authentication typically involves credentials that are validated by a server, confirming the client's right to access the network securely.References:
ArubaOS Wireless Intrusion Prevention System configuration and management guidelines.
NEW QUESTION # 106
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the current network topology.
You are deploying a new wireless solution with an Aruba Mobility Master (MM). Aruba Mobility Controllers (MCs). and campus APs (CAPs). The solution will Include a WLAN that uses Tunnel for the forwarding mode and Implements WPA3-Enterprise security What is a guideline for setting up the vlan for wireless devices connected to the WLAN?
- A. Use wireless user roles to assign the devices to different VLANs in the 100-150 range
- B. Assign the WLAN to a named VLAN which specified 100-150 as the range of IDs.
- C. Use wireless user roles to assign the devices to a range of new vlan IDs.
- D. Assign the WLAN to a single new VLAN which is dedicated to wireless users
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 107
What is a Key feature of me ArubaOS firewall?
- A. The firewall Includes application layer gateways (ALGs). which it uses to filter Web traffic based on the reputation of the destination web site.
- B. The firewall is stateful which means that n can track client sessions and automatically allow return traffic for permitted sessions
- C. The firewall is designed to fitter traffic primarily based on wireless 802.11 headers, making it ideal for mobility environments
- D. The firewall examines all traffic at Layer 2 through Layer 4 and uses source IP addresses as the primary way to determine how to control traffic.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 108
How can hackers implement a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack against a wireless client?
- A. The hacker runs an NMap scan on the wireless client to find its MAC and IP address. The hacker then connects to another network and spoofs those addresses.
- B. The hacker uses a combination of software and hardware to jam the RF band and prevent the client from connecting to any wireless networks.
- C. The hacker connects a device to the same wireless network as the client and responds to the client's ARP requests with the hacker device's MAC address.
- D. The hacker uses spear-phishing to probe for the IP addresses that the client is attempting to reach. The hacker device then spoofs those IP addresses.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack involves an attacker positioning themselves between a wireless client and the legitimate network to intercept or manipulate traffic. HPE Aruba Networking documentation often discusses MITM attacks in the context of wireless security threats and mitigation strategies.
Option D, "The hacker connects a device to the same wireless network as the client and responds to the client's ARP requests with the hacker device's MAC address," is correct. This describes an ARP poisoning (or ARP spoofing) attack, a common MITM technique in wireless networks. The hacker joins the same wireless network as the client (e.g., by authenticating with the same SSID and credentials). Once on the network, the hacker sends fake ARP responses to the client, associating the hacker's MAC address with the IP address of the default gateway (or another target device). This causes the client to send traffic to the hacker's device instead of the legitimate gateway, allowing the hacker to intercept, modify, or forward the traffic, thus performing an MITM attack.
Option A, "The hacker uses a combination of software and hardware to jam the RF band and prevent the client from connecting to any wireless networks," is incorrect. Jamming the RF band would disrupt all wireless communication, including the hacker's ability to intercept traffic. This is a denial-of-service (DoS) attack, not an MITM attack.
Option B, "The hacker runs an NMap scan on the wireless client to find its MAC and IP address. The hacker then connects to another network and spoofs those addresses," is incorrect. NMap scans are used for network discovery and port scanning, not for implementing an MITM attack. Spoofing MAC and IP addresses on another network does not position the hacker to intercept the client's traffic on the original network.
Option C, "The hacker uses spear-phishing to probe for the IP addresses that the client is attempting to reach. The hacker device then spoofs those IP addresses," is incorrect. Spear-phishing is a delivery method for malware or credentials theft, not a direct method for implementing an MITM attack. Spoofing IP addresses alone does not allow the hacker to intercept traffic unless they are on the same network and can manipulate routing (e.g., via ARP poisoning).
The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:
"A common man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack against wireless clients involves ARP poisoning. The hacker connects a device to the same wireless network as the client and sends fake ARP responses to the client, associating the hacker's MAC address with the IP address of the default gateway. This causes the client to send traffic to the hacker's device, allowing the hacker to intercept and manipulate the traffic." (Page 422, Wireless Threats Section) Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking Security Guide notes:
"ARP poisoning is a prevalent MITM attack in wireless networks. The attacker joins the same network as the client and responds to the client's ARP requests with the attacker's MAC address, redirecting traffic through the attacker's device. This allows the attacker to intercept sensitive data or modify traffic between the client and the legitimate destination." (Page 72, Wireless MITM Attacks Section)
:
HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide, Wireless Threats Section, Page 422.
HPE Aruba Networking Security Guide, Wireless MITM Attacks Section, Page 72.
NEW QUESTION # 109
How should admins deal with vulnerabilities that they find in their systems?
- A. They should classify the vulnerability as malware. a DoS attack or a phishing attack.
- B. They should apply fixes, such as patches, to close the vulnerability before a hacker exploits it.
- C. They should add the vulnerability to their Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE).
- D. They should notify the security team as soon as possible that the network has already been breached.
Answer: B
Explanation:
When vulnerabilities are identified in systems, it is crucial for administrators to act immediately to mitigate the risk of exploitation by attackers. The appropriate response involves applying fixes, such as software patches or configuration changes, to close the vulnerability. This proactive approach is necessary to protect the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the system resources and data. It's important to prioritize these actions based on the severity and exploitability of the vulnerability to ensure that the most critical issues are addressed first.References:
Best practices in system security management.
NEW QUESTION # 110
What distinguishes a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack from a traditional Denial or service attack (DoS)?
- A. A DoS attack targets one server, a DDoS attack targets all the clients that use a server
- B. A DDoS attack is launched from multiple devices, while a DoS attack is launched from a single device
- C. A DDoS attack targets multiple devices, while a DoS Is designed to Incapacitate only one device
- D. A DDoS attack originates from external devices, while a DoS attack originates from internal devices
Answer: B
Explanation:
The main distinction between a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack and a traditional Denial of Service (DoS) attack is that a DDoS attack is launched from multiple devices, whereas a DoS attack originates from a single device. This distinction is critical because the distributed nature of a DDoS attack makes it more difficult to mitigate. Multiple attacking sources can generate a higher volume of malicious traffic, overwhelming the target more effectively than a single source, as seen in a DoS attack. DDoS attacks exploit a variety of devices across the internet, often coordinated using botnets, to flood targets with excessive requests, leading to service degradation or complete service denial.
References:
Cybersecurity texts and resources that differentiate between types of denial of service attacks.
Technical documentation and analysis of DDoS tactics, which illustrate how botnets and other distributed systems are employed to execute attacks.
NEW QUESTION # 111
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